• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    This method allows the characterization of the seat of a railroad by penetrometer and geo-endoscopic tests. It comprises the steps of striking (100) a threshing head of a light dynamic penetrometer to drive the tip of a drill string into the seat, measuring (102) the resistance of the seat according to the depth for depressing the drill string, withdrawing (105) the drill string from the seat, driving (106) a tube into a hole left by the drill string, and sliding (108) a recording camera of 'pictures inside the tube. The method includes automated additional steps of measuring (110) the position of the camera as it slides within the tube, i.e. the depth (Zi) at which the images are recorded, and coupling (120) an analysis of the recorded images as a function of the depth with the measurements of resistance of the seat to characterize the different layers of the seat.
    公开号:FR3025887A1
    申请号:FR1458644
    申请日:2014-09-15
    公开日:2016-03-18
    发明作者:Roland Gourves；Younes Haddani
    申请人:Sol Solution SAS；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] 1 METHOD FOR CHARACTERIZING THE SEAT OF A RAILWAY, DEVICE FOR VISUALIZING THE INTERIOR OF A FLOOR AND ASSEMBLY FOR CHARACTERIZING THE SEAT OF A RAILWAY COMPRISING SUCH A DEVICE The invention relates to a method for characterizing layers of a railway track by coupling a penetrometric and geo-endoscopic test. The aim of the invention is to establish a geotechnical diagnosis and to obtain, as precisely as possible, parameters making it possible to characterize the nature and the hydrous state of the various layers of bedding of a railway line in service. This makes it possible to evaluate whether renewal or repair work is needed on the track. The invention also relates to a device for visualizing the interior of a floor, this device being commonly called "geo-endoscope". The invention finally relates to a set of characterization of a soil, comprising such a device, a light dynamic penetrometer type Panda (registered trademark) and a processing unit. The ballast railways, developed almost two centuries ago, are built using a set of elements designed to support the weight of the cars. Among these elements, there is the superstructure, or armament, which includes rails, arranged on sleepers and fasteners to secure the rails to the sleepers. The superstructure also includes foundation pads, which transmit the load supported by the rails to the ground and a layer of ballast, possibly with a ballast underlayment. The ballast is a mattress of crushed rock, which ensures the uniform transmission to the platform of the stresses induced by the passage of railway vehicles. The ballast also stabilizes the sleepers and dampen the mechanical and acoustic vibrations associated with the passage of a train, which contributes to the comfort of travelers on board trains. The ballast is also designed to drain rainwater to limit frost problems on the tracks. There is also the infrastructure, which consists of a platform. In practice, the track elements are designed to transmit the weight of the trains to the platform. The superstructure normally reduces the stress exerted on the platform by a factor of the order of 20000 compared to that exerted at the points of contact between the wheels and the rail. This avoids in particular that the platform is deformed by the ballast. Speed, train weight and traffic density have increased considerably with technological progress in recent years, resulting in accelerated wear of track components, including ballast. The ballast therefore needs to be further maintained so that other components of the track are not damaged. Thus, track repair operations, such as discontinuous and differential settlements, are more frequent, resulting in a sharp increase in maintenance costs and, in some cases, early renewals. In fact, it is estimated that the maintenance of ballast and track geometry represents about half of the overall cost of maintenance of railways, which is due in particular to the fact that work is done during the night. To resist the loads, the components of the superstructure have evolved. Prestressed concrete sleepers are now used because they have a lifespan three times longer than wooden sleepers. Heavier rail profiles and elastic ties have been developed to withstand the importance of traffic. Sub-rail and under-rail soles have been incorporated into the armament to dampen vibrations. Geotextiles and bituminous underlayments are applied to the base of the platform to ensure drainage and load distribution. On the other hand, there has been no progress on ballast protection. To cope with the increasing demands, minimum values of thickness and hardness have been imposed for the ballast. However, this remains the element that degrades the fastest in a railway. This degradation is accelerated by the stresses 20 due to traffic, but also by those due to maintenance work, such as stuffing, which have become more frequent. The degradation of the ballast is reflected by an attrition of the particles, that is to say a change in the size of the grains, but also by the rise of the soil, which comes in particular from the dynamic stresses generated on the track by the passage of 25 trains. There then appear two layers, commonly referred to as "polluted ballast layer" and "intermediate" layer. The layer of "polluted ballast", which is between the intermediate layer and the ballast layer, is formed of ballast as well as fine issues including the attrition of the ballast. The "intermediate layer" is created by interpenetration of the support soil layers with possible layers of materials, such as broken stones, gravel, sand, or clinker, which come from the construction of the line or maintenance operations. This layer is quite heterogeneous and contains, among other things, more fines from the support soil and more fine particles than the ballast. The creation of these two layers within a section of track poses problems of mechanical and hydraulic stability, such as poor drainage, crushing of the grains of the "healthy" ballast layer, a settlement of the track, or another deformation of the platform. To cope with the deterioration of the tracks, a vast program of renewal of the tracks was launched on the French territory. The problem is to effectively and economically establish a diagnosis of the state of the railways, with the particular aim of detecting the layers of "polluted ballast" and "intermediate". Given the length of the tracks, the soil characterization means must make it possible to reliably, inexpensively and rapidly test the greatest number of possible points along a route. Among these means, the drill string is known, which makes it possible to take samples of the section of the track. The thicknesses of the different layers of the soil are measured manually by means of a board or a meter and are transcribed manually on a sheet of construction site. This technique of auscultation is not the most adapted because there is only one train caroteur on the National Railway Network and that the cost of type of intervention is high. Indeed, four people including 15 a driver at the high hourly rate are usually necessary to conduct surveys. In addition, coring is usually done between the two rails while the most sensitive area is under the sleepers. This technique also lacks precision in the measurement of layer thicknesses because there is a risk of lag during the recovery of the corer, especially for sandy materials. This technique does not finally make it possible to measure the resistance of the soil. A more elaborate technique consists in the use of a Panda light dynamic penetrometer, a product marketed by SOL SOLUTION, and a geo-endoscopic test. The principle is to measure soil resistance as a function of depth by pushing a drill string of penetrometer into the soil. The rods are then removed to make room for split tubes, in which slides an endoscope. A video is then recorded for the watched point and saved on a digital recorder. The interpretation of the soil layer thicknesses is done manually using a meter, looking at changes in the nature of the soil on the screen of the geo-endoscope or the recorder. The results are then retranscribed on a worksheet. The technician finally performs a cross analysis with the results obtained with the Panda Penetrometer to make a diagnosis. Although interesting, this auscultation technique is relatively long because of the manual transcription of the data and there is no automatic and continuous measurement as to the depth at which the images and video of the geo-endoscope are 3025887 4 recorded. The diagnosis of soil condition is based in part on the technician's interpretation, which can lead to errors. A similar auscultation technique is described in WO-A-2010/082002 and aims to characterize the different layers of a filter medium, or filter, forming a water purification system 5. This filter comprises an upper portion essentially formed of gravel, an intermediate filtration portion formed of washed sand and a lower portion also based on gravel. The penetrometer test gives information on the compactness of the different layers of the filter medium, while the endoscopic test makes it possible to check the conditions of clogging and saturation of the filter medium. An automatic image analysis is performed after the endoscopic test to characterize the different layers of the filter media but there is no mention of an automatic measurement of the depth at which the images are taken. This measure seems indeed useless in this case since the geoendoscopic test does not aim to determine the depth of the different layers of the filter medium.
    [0002] It is these drawbacks that the invention intends to remedy more particularly by proposing a method of characterizing the bed of a railway that makes it possible to overcome the technical and practical difficulties of carrying out the surveys encountered with the current means. . To this end, the invention relates to a method of characterizing the seat of a railway track by penetrometer and geo-endoscopic tests, this method comprising the steps of: a) striking a threshing head of a penetrometer light dynamic to drive the tip of a drill string into the seat, b) measure the resistance of the seat according to the depth of penetration of the drill string, c) remove the drill string from the drill string. sitting, d) driving a tube into a hole left by the drill string, and e) sliding an image recording camera inside the tube. This method also includes additional automated steps of: f) continuously measuring the position of the camera as it slides within the tube, i.e. the depth at which the images are recorded, and (g) coupling an analysis of recorded depth images with soil resistance measurements to characterize the different layers of the bed.
    [0003] Thanks to the invention, the systematic errors of the measurement measurement are avoided since the depth at which the images of the camera are taken is measured automatically. In addition, the time of completion and exploitation of the surveys is shortened since the data obtained by the geoendoscopic and penetrometer tests are automatically coupled and analyzed. According to advantageous but non-mandatory aspects of the invention, a method of characterizing the seat of a railway may include one or more of the following features, taken in any technically permissible combination: - The method comprises an additional step of geo-locate the position at which steps a) to f) are performed. Step c) is carried out leaving the tip of the drill string at the bottom of the hole. The analysis of the images recorded by the camera as a function of the depth, during step g), is made from the variation of various parameters relating to the recorded images.
    [0004] Step g) includes two automated substeps consisting of: i. automatically determining significant depth values, from which the various parameters relating to the recorded images and the resistance of the seat vary substantially, and ii. perform a statistical analysis, for example an average, of significant depth values to estimate the thickness of the layers of the seat. Step g) includes another automated substep of: iii) analyzing the values of the various parameters relating to the recorded images over the thickness of the different layers to determine the hydrous state of the latter. The invention also relates to a device for visualizing the interior of a floor, comprising: an endoscopic image recording camera, a sliding tube of the camera, which is adapted to be driven into a hole made in the ground. This device further comprises: means for automatically measuring the position of the camera continuously while it slides inside the tube, that is to say the depth at which the images are recorded.
    [0005] According to advantageous but not compulsory aspects of the invention, such a device can incorporate one or the other of the following characteristics, taken in any technically permissible combination: the measurement means comprise a rotary encoder, while the camera 5 is suspended at the end of a wire which is wound around a moving wheel coupled to the rotary encoder. - The device is equipped with a geolocation antenna. The invention also relates to a characterization set of the seat of a railway, comprising a light dynamic penetrometer, which comprises: a threshing head, a drill string, equipped with a penetration point in the seat , and means for measuring the resistance of the seat according to the depth. This assembly further comprises: a device for viewing the interior of a floor as described above, and a processing unit, configured to couple the images, recorded by the device, with measurements of the resistance of the seat, provided by the measuring means of the penetrometer, to characterize the different layers of the seat. The invention and other advantages thereof will appear more clearly in the light of the following description of an embodiment of a method of characterizing the seating of a railway in accordance with its principle. , given purely by way of example and with reference to the drawings in which: FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a light dynamic penetrometer used during the implementation of a method for characterizing the seat of FIG. 2 shows an exploded perspective view of a tip gate and a tip belonging to a drill string of the dynamic penetrometer of FIG. 1 and a variant showing a FIG. a tip holder and a tip of different diameters; FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a device for visualizing the interior of a railway track floor according to the invention, which is also used for the implementation of 30 work of the method of characterization of the seat according to the invention, - Figure 4 is a diagram showing the various steps of realization of the method of characterization of the seat of a railway according to the invention, - Figure 5 shows an example of a penetrogram and an example of three graphs illustrating the variation of parameters relating to the images recorded by means of the device of FIG. 3, as a function of the depth in the ground, and FIG. 6 is an example of a table of results obtained by the implementation of the soil characterization method according to the invention. FIG. 1 shows a light dynamic penetrometer 2 of the Panda (registered trademark) type. This penetrometer 2 has a mass of less than 20 kg, so that it is easily transportable by an operator. This penetrometer 2 is also compact, which facilitates interventions with restricted access. It is also quickly foldable in case of emergency. The dynamic penetrometer 2 extends generally along an axis Z2 which, during a test, is vertical. It comprises, in the upper part, a threshing head 20 adapted to receive a hammer 4 to drive a string of rods 6 in the ground. The penetrometer 2 also includes a handle 22 for holding the drill string 6 right when the hammer blow. The drill string 6 extends rectilinearly along the axis Z2 and comprises one or more cylindrical rods assembled with each other. Each rod of the drill string 6 has a diameter D6, for example of the order of 14 mm. A tip holder 8 is screwed to a lower end of the shank 6. As the name suggests, the tip holder 8 is adapted to be assembled with a conical tip 10 penetrating into a soil S. Here, the ground S represents the seat of a railway, that is to say, it includes all the layers of the seat of a railway. As best seen in Figure 2, the tip holder 8 comprises a threaded top portion 8a, which allows to screw it to the lower end of the rod train 6. The tip holder 8 also comprises a lower cylinder 8b of diameter D8. In practice, the diameter D8 is the same as the diameter D6 of the rod or rods of the drill string 6. The conical tip 10 comprises a cylindrical upper part and a conical lower part 25. This point 10 is overflowing, that is to say that it has a section at the base of the cone which is wider than that of the tip holder 8. In practice, the maximum diameter of the tip 10 is the order of 22 mm. This conical tip 10 comprises a cylindrical housing 10b for receiving the lower cylinder 8b of the tip holder 8. The diameter D8 of this cylinder is substantially equal to the diameter of the cylindrical housing 30 formed in the tip 10. As a variant shown in FIG. 2, a conical tip 10 'which is not of projecting section may also be used. This conical tip 10 'is intended to be assembled with a tip holder 8' of the same diameter. It pushes less soil during the ascent but does not sink as easily into the ground as the tip 10.
    [0006] The small section of one or the other of the conical tips 10 and 10 'makes it possible to reduce the hardness of the borehole and to avoid the closing of the borehole during the withdrawal of the drill string 6 from the ground. On the other hand, the conical tip 10 or 10 'is not attached to the tip holder 8 or 8', i.e. when the shank 6 is removed, the conical tip 10 or 10 ' stay at the bottom of the borehole. This prevents the tip 10 scrapes against the walls of a hole, or drilling, T during withdrawal and that the hole T is plugged. This is especially important when the soil surveyed is sandy. The penetrometer 2 also comprises a housing 30 provided with a handle 31.
    [0007] This housing 30 is adapted to be placed on the ground during a test. The housing 30 comprises a portion 32 for guiding the drill string 6 in its penetration into the ground S. This guide portion 32 is traversed by the drill string 6 so that it can not get in the way when the threshing head 20 is struck by the hammer 4.
    [0008] The penetrometer 2 also comprises means for measuring the depression of the drill string 6 in the ground S. These means comprise a tensioned wire 26, which is attached, on the one hand, to a loop 24 integral with a moving part. penetrometer 2, in this case the threshing head 20 in the example of FIG. 1 and, secondly, a wheel 28 contained in the housing 30. The wire 26 is kept under tension by non-electromagnetic means. represented, such as a spring acting on the wheel. When the threshing head 20 receives a hammer blow, as represented by the arrow F1 in Figure 1, the drill string 6 and the threshing head 20 sink into the ground S and the wire 26 relaxes. The latter is then stretched, which causes the wheel 28 to turn around which the wire 26 is wound. The amplitude of rotation of the wheel 28 is measured by a computer 36, which is able to deduce the depth from it. which the drill string 6 has sunk into the ground S. This calculator 36 includes for example a rotary encoder. Furthermore, the housing 30 is connected to the threshing head 20 by a cable 34. This cable 34 makes it possible to collect, from a force sensor, not shown, housed in the threshing head 20, the threshing force applied. on the latter by the operator. This measurement 30 is then transmitted to the computer 36. Thus, this force sensor forms with the means for measuring the depression of the drill string 6 in the ground S means for measuring the resistance of the soil as a function of the depth. A cable 12 includes a first end attached to the housing 30 and a second end 120 connected to a reader 14, such as a portable digital device of the "Personal Digital Assistant" type. This reader 14 includes a screen 140 allowing the operator to visualize the resistance of the ground as a function of the depth. It also includes control buttons 142 and a geolocation antenna 144. In addition, in FIG. 1, the drill string 6, the cable 34, the wire 26 and the hammer handle 4 are cut lengthwise for better viewing. In Figure 3 is shown a device 1 for viewing the interior of a soil S. This device 1 is commonly called geo-endoscope and comprises a tube 62, adapted to be depressed vertically in a hole T in the ground . The tube 62 comprises several windows 620 distributed over the entire height of the tube. These windows 620 allow a camera 66 to view the interior of the ground. As a variant not shown, it is possible to envisage a slotted tube over its entire height, that is to say which does not extend over 360 ° in section, which would enable the camera to visualize the images of the ground through the slot in the tube. The camera 66 is suspended at the end of a wire 64 and is slid manually or controlled inside the tube 62. This camera 66 is provided with unrepresented lighting means, which are necessary for the recording of the camera. images. In the example, the camera 66 is adapted to record both images and a video sequence. The device 1 comprises means for automatic and continuous measurement of the position of the camera 66 while it slides inside the tube 62, that is to say at the depth at which the images are recorded. These measuring means include a housing 60, which is integral with the tube 62 and which is disposed at an upper end thereof. The housing 60 is provided with a not shown opening for the insertion of the camera 66. It encloses a wheel 68 around which the wire 64 is wound, at the end of which the camera 66 is fixed. One end of the wire 64 is therefore attached to the wheel 68.
    [0009] This wheel 68 is coupled to a rotary encoder 70 for measuring the amplitude of rotation of the wheel 68 and to deduce the displacement of the camera 66 in the ground S. More specifically, by way of example, the rotary encoder 70 can comprising a disk rotated by the movement of the wheel 68, for example by means of a belt. This disk is provided with magnets, which trigger a counter when passing a sensor, for example of the Hall effect type, since they generate a magnetic field. In practice, the rotary encoder 70 is an electronic encoder, but it can also be an optical encoder. The device 1 comprises two cables 72 and 74, which are each coming from the housing 60 and which are connected to an adapter 80. The cable 72 transmits to the adapter 80 the 35 images and / or videos taken by the camera 66 while the cable 74 transmits to the adapter 3025887 10 80 the measurement of the depth performed by the rotary encoder 70. The adapter 80 converts the signals sent by the camera 66 and the rotary encoder 70 into a format usable by a portable digital apparatus 82, of the "Personal Digital Assistant" type, to whom he transmits the information. This apparatus 82 includes a display interface 5 having a dial 86 for viewing live the video taken by the camera 66 and a dial 88 of the latest images recorded by the camera 66. It also includes a rectangle 90 for displaying the depth which is the camera 66 and a geolocation antenna 84. In Figure 3, the cables 72 and 74 and the tube 62 are shown partially in length for better viewing. Above is described a method of characterization of a soil by coupling of a penetrometer and geo-endoscopic test. This method is described with reference to FIG. 4. This characterization method begins with a penetrometric test, which is geo-located via the antenna 144. During this test, the operator positions the drill string. 6 vertically in contact with the ground S in a selected location. The operator then takes the hammer 4 and strikes, during a step 100, the threshing head 20 of the penetrometer 2 to drive the tip 10 of the shank 6 into the ground S. The shank 6 then creates a hole T in the soil S.
    [0010] Then, in a step 102, the variation of the soil resistance qd (Zi) as a function of the depth Zi is determined from the measurement of the driving force exerted by the operator and the measurement of the Zi depth. It is then necessary to determine if the penetrometer test is finished, which is represented by a step 103 in Figure 4. Indeed, depending on the compactness of the soil, it may be that the operator has not typed enough 25 on the threshing head 20 and must repeat the test and press harder to drive the drill string 6 further into the ground S. This is represented by the return loop to step 100. On the other hand, if the Penetrometer test is completed, ie if the required depth is reached, the penetrometer 2 is able to provide the operator with a penetrogram, which it displays on the interface 140 of the reader 14. This penetrogram consists of displaying the resistance of the ground, for example in MPa, as a function of the depth Zi, for example in meters. Further, a first data set comprising the series of resistance values qd (Zi) for each depth value Zi as well as the GPS coordinates of the test location is stored in memory during a step 104. The data set can be stored on any suitable medium, such as a card or key. This support means is then removed from the penetrometer 2 by an operator and connected to a non-represented processing unit, such as a construction or office computer. This transfers the first set of data to the processing unit. Alternatively, the first data set can be transferred from the penetrometer 2 to the processing unit directly by wire or by means of a wireless connection. Once the test is complete, the drill string 6 is removed from the ground in a step 105 and the geo-endoscopic test begins. This geo-endoscopic test is geo-localized since the portable digital apparatus 82 comprises a geolocation antenna 84.
    [0011] A first step 106 of this test is to push the tube 62 of the geoendoscope 1 into the hole, or bore, T left by the drill string 6. Then the image recording camera 66 is slid to inside the tube 62 during a step 108. In parallel, the position of the camera 66 inside the tube 62 is measured automatically during a step 110. In this way, it is possible to know the depth to which is recorded each image recorded by the camera 66 while the latter slides inside the tube 62. In opposition to the measurement techniques known from the prior art, where the position of the camera 66 was manually measured at the camera. Using a meter embedded in the tube when the operator appeared to see on the screen of the geo-endoscope a change in the nature of the ground, the position of the camera 66 is measured electronically, that is, say automatic and continuously, through the inter This reduces the errors in the measurement of the position of the camera and facilitates the interpretation of the results. Here, continuous measurement means that the measurement points are negligible for the application in question. In practice, the encoder 70 makes it possible to measure the position of the camera 66 every 1 mm. During the geo-endoscopic test, a second set of data including the Im (Zi, i) images recorded by the camera 66, the depth Zi at which each image was recorded and the GPS coordinates of the test location are stored. in memory at a step 112. This second set of data may be stored on any suitable medium, such as a card or key. This support means can then be removed from the device 1 by an operator and be connected to the processing unit. This transfers the second set of data to the processing unit. Alternatively, the second data set can be transferred from the device 1 to the processing unit directly by wire or by means of a wireless connection.
    [0012] Subsequently, the method includes a step 113 for determining whether the endoscopic test is complete, i.e. whether the camera 66 has reached the bottom of the hole T. If it is not the In this case, the geo-endoscopic test continues until the camera 66 reaches the bottom of the hole T, as represented by the return loop towards steps 108 and 110. On the other hand, if the test is completed, the operator can transfer the second set of data to the processing unit. This processing unit analyzes the images recorded by the camera 66 as a function of the depth at which they were taken. This analysis consists of studying the variation of various parameters relating to the images recorded by the camera 66 as a function of the depth Zi. More specifically, the image processing performed by the processing unit is based on the analysis of three parameters M1 (Zi), M2 (Zi) and M3 (Zi) which are characteristic of the images recorded by the camera 66 in function depth. In practice, these three parameters Ml (Zi), M2 (Zi) and M3 (Zi) translate variations of different values related to the images, such as contrast, brightness, etc. The three parameters M1 (Zi), M2 (Zi) and M3 (Zi) are stored in memory within the geo-endoscope during a step 116. Alternatively not shown, more or less parameters can be used for the analysis. The processing unit may display, during a step 118, display graphs of the three parameters M1 (Z1), M2 (Z1), M3 (Z1) as a function of the depth Z1.
    [0013] An example of such graphs is shown in Figure 5. In this figure, there are different areas A, B, C and D that come from the variations observed in the different graphs. As represented by the two braces in FIG. 5, the graphs of the three parameters M1 (Zi), M2 (Zi), M3 (Zi) are obtained by means of the geoendoscope 1 whereas the penetrogram is obtained by means of the penetrometer 25 2. The fact that the penetrometer and geo-endoscopic tests are both geolocated may allow, in the case where several tests are carried out at different places spaced apart from each other, to the coupling unit of treatment, or of associating each first set of data with the corresponding second set of data. This also makes it possible to list on a map all the locations where tests have been carried out. By coupling between the results obtained from the geo-endoscopic test and those resulting from the penetrometer test, the processing unit compiles the first set of data and the second set of data and automatically distinguishes, via an algorithm implemented during a step 120, the changes in nature of the soil, that is to say the different zones A, B, C and D. More specifically, step 120 comprises a first sub a step of automatically determining significant depth values (Zi), from which the different parameters M1 (Zi), M2 (Zi), M3 (Zi) relative to the recorded images and the ground resistance qd (Zi) vary substantially .
    [0014] Next, step 120 comprises a second substep of performing a statistical analysis, for example an average, of significant depth values to estimate as accurately as possible the thickness of the layers of soil S. The coupling step 120 includes a third automated substep of analyzing the values of the different parameters M1 (Zi), M2 (Zi), M3 (Zi) relative to the images recorded on the thickness of the different layers to determine the water status of these layers. latest. It emerges at the output of step 120 an estimated table of the nature, compactness, thickness and water status of the various constituent layers of the soil surveyed. An example of such a table is shown in FIG. 6. This table is displayed by the processing unit during a step 122. As mentioned above, steps 110, 112, 114 and 120 are automated, that is to say that they are performed automatically by the treatment unit, the penetrometer 2 or the geo-endoscope 1, without human intervention. In the example, the water status of the different layers of the soil S is determined by means of the geo-endoscopic test, that is to say from the variation of the parameters M1 (Zi) M2 (Zi). , M3 (Zi) as a function of the depth Zi. The nature of the different soil layers is determined from the values of compactness and water status. For example, the first layer of the surveyed soil has a high compactness and a low water content, the processing unit deduces from it while it is probably a layer of ballast. On the other hand, since the last layer is very wet and moderately compact, the treatment unit categorizes it as a layer of silt. This automatic processing of the images resulting from the geo-endoscopic test and the automatic coupling with the soil resistance data obtained by means of the penetrometer 2 make it possible to obtain a rapid characterization of the state of the soil and of its composition. The penetrometer 2, the device 1 and the treatment unit form a set of characterization of a soil. For safety, it may be expected that the skilled person validates the results from the processing unit, for example by comparing with the video recorded by the geo-endoscope 1.
    [0015] The technical features of the variants and embodiments envisaged above can be combined with each other to generate new embodiments of the invention. 5
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [0001]
    CLAIMS1.- A method of characterizing the seat (S) of a railway track, by penetrometer and geo-endoscopic tests, this method comprising steps of: a) striking (100) a threshing head (20) d a light dynamic penetrometer (2) for driving the tip (10) of a drill string (6) into the seat, b) measuring (102) the resistance of the seat according to the driving depth of the (c) removing (105) the drill string from the seat, d) driving (106) a tube (62) into a hole (T) left by the drill string, and e) sliding ( 108) a camera (66) for recording images inside the tube, and characterized by comprising additional automated steps of: f) continuously measuring (110) the position of the camera ( 66) as it slides inside the tube (62), i.e., the depth (Zi) at which the images are recorded, and g) coupling (120) a analysis of the recorded images as a function of the depth with the measurements of resistance of the soil to characterize the various layers of the seat.
    [0002]
    2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises an additional step of geo-locating the position at which steps a) to f) are carried out.
    [0003]
    3.- Method according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that step c) is carried out leaving the tip (10) of the drill string (6) at the bottom of the hole (T).
    [0004]
    4. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the analysis of the images recorded by the camera (66) as a function of the depth (Zi), during the step g), is performed from the variation of different parameters (M1 (Zi), M2 (Zi), M3 (Zi)) relative to the recorded images. 3025887 16
    [0005]
    5. Method according to claim 4, characterized in that step g) includes two automated substeps consisting of: iii. automatically determining significant depth values (Zi), from which the various parameters (M1 (Zi), M2 (Zi), M3 (Zi)) relating to the recorded images and the resistance of the seat vary substantially, and iv . perform a statistical analysis, for example an average, significant depth values to estimate the thickness of the layers of the seat (S). 10
    [0006]
    6. Method according to claim 5, characterized in that step g) includes another automated substep consisting of v. analyzing the values of the various parameters (M1 (Zi), M2 (Zi), M3 (Zi)) relative to the images recorded on the thickness of the various layers 15 to determine the hydrous state of the latter.
    [0007]
    7.- Device (1) for visualizing the interior of a floor (S), comprising: an endoscopic camera (66) for recording images, a tube (62) for sliding the camera, which is adapted for being pressed into a hole (T) made in the ground, characterized in that it further comprises: means (68, 70) for automatic and continuous measurement of the position of the camera (66) while it slides inside the tube (62), that is to say the depth (Zi) at which the images are recorded. 25
    [0008]
    8.- Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the measuring means (68, 70) comprise a rotary encoder (70) and in that the camera (66) is suspended at the end of a wire (64) which is wound around a moving wheel (68) coupled to the rotary encoder. 30
    [0009]
    9.- Device according to one of claims 7 and 8, characterized in that it is provided with a geolocation antenna (84). 3025887 17
    [0010]
    10. A set (1, 2) for characterizing the seat (S) of a railway track, comprising a light dynamic penetrometer (2), which comprises: a threshing head (20), a drill string (6) ), equipped with a point (10) of penetration into the seat, and means (34, 26, 36, 28) for measuring the resistance of the seat according to the depth (Zi), this assembly characterized in that it further comprises: a device (1) according to one of claims 7 to 9, and a processing unit, configured to couple the images, recorded by the device (1), with measurements resistance of the seat, provided by the measuring means of the penetrometer (2), to characterize the different layers of the seat.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    FR3025887B1|2016-09-09|
    ES2722003T3|2019-08-06|
    CA2901721A1|2016-03-15|
    US20160076203A1|2016-03-17|
    EP2995926A1|2016-03-16|
    EP2995926B1|2019-03-20|
    US9809934B2|2017-11-07|
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    法律状态:
    2015-06-25| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2016-03-18| EXTE| Extension to a french territory|Extension state: PF |
    2016-03-18| PLSC| Search report ready|Effective date: 20160318 |
    2016-09-05| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2017-08-24| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2018-08-24| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2019-08-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    2020-08-12| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    2021-08-11| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 8 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1458644A|FR3025887B1|2014-09-15|2014-09-15|METHOD OF CHARACTERIZING THE SEAT OF A RAILWAY, DEVICE FOR VISUALIZING THE INTERIOR OF A FLOOR AND ASSEMBLY OF THE SEAT OF A RAILWAY COMPRISING SUCH A DEVICE|FR1458644A| FR3025887B1|2014-09-15|2014-09-15|METHOD OF CHARACTERIZING THE SEAT OF A RAILWAY, DEVICE FOR VISUALIZING THE INTERIOR OF A FLOOR AND ASSEMBLY OF THE SEAT OF A RAILWAY COMPRISING SUCH A DEVICE|
    CA2901721A| CA2901721A1|2014-09-15|2015-08-25|Characterization method for a railway bed, device to visualize inside the ground and characterization assembly for a railway bed including such a device|
    US14/852,964| US9809934B2|2014-09-15|2015-09-14|Method for characterizing the seat of a railroad track, device for viewing the inside of a ground and assembly for characterizing the seat of a railroad track comprising such a device|
    EP15185099.7A| EP2995926B1|2014-09-15|2015-09-14|Method for characterising the seat of a railway trackand assembly for characterising the seat of a railway track comprising a device for viewing the inside of a soil|
    ES15185099T| ES2722003T3|2014-09-15|2015-09-14|Procedure for characterizing the seat of a railway track and characterization set for the seat of a railway track comprising a device for visualizing the inside of a floor|
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